State-by-State Research on
AI Visibility Bias in Law
Every report documents a measurable, systematic pattern: women attorneys are underrepresented in AI recommendations not because of their credentials but because of how AI systems were built. This is the evidence.
Florida Women Attorneys
AI Visibility Report
422 Attorneys - 3 Platforms (ChatGPT, Gemini & Perplexity )
20-point framework - /112 Scoring Framwork
The deepest and most rigorous state study WAVI has produced. Covering more than 400 women attorneys across Florida's major markets. The Florida report expands the framework to 112 points and adds full citation source analysis across all three platforms. It documents a finding no prior state surfaced not one of the 422 attorneys is recognized by AI as a distinct, real-world professional complete invisability at the entity level.
The report also introduces the Platform Inversion (Gemini recognizes Florida women attorneys least despite having the most access to verify them) and the Aggregator Sustititueion Effect, the measurable shift of AI citations away from firm websites toward LinkedIn and legal directories.
336 Attorneys - 3 Platforms (ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity) - /110 Scoring Framwork
209 Attorneys - 2 Platforms (ChatGPT, Gemini) - 19-point framework - /95 Scoring Framwork
Colorado Women Attorneys AI Visibility Report
12.3 pts
Gemini advantage over ChatGPT-platform-specific optimization is not optional
94%
lack promper schema markup
14.2%
have schema markup that AI crawlers cannot even access
69.4%
of CO women attorneys score below the visibility threshold on ChatGPT
The inaugural WAV Institute report and the first study of its kind nationally. Introduced the dual-analysis methodology, testing both schema quality and crawler accessibility, and established the foundational evidence that women attorneys face a systematic, measurable AI visibility disadvantage. benchmarks that all subsequent state reports are built upon.
51.8%
of TX women attorneys score below the AI visibility threshold
336 Attorneys - 3 Platforms (ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity) - /100 Scoring Framwork
The most comprehensive study of AI visibility for women attorneys ever conducted in Texas. Covering Houston, Dallas/Fort Worth, Austin, and San Antonio, the report introduces the False Presence Problem: 84% of attorneys have schema markup that signals the wrong thing to AI systems, a technical flaw that may actively mislead recommendation engines. Includes full Perplexity citation analysis 6,933 citations, platform-by-platform scoring (ChatGPT 61.1/Gemini 60.5/Perplexity 54.5), and a prioritized action framework.
Texas Women Attorneys
AI Visibility Report
58.3
composite average score across all 3 platforms
84%
have schema markup but only 28% use the correct schema
30 pts
gap between attorneys who appear in AI citations vs. those who don't